Martin Luther King Jr. (1929)
American Baptist minister and activist who became the most visible leader of the civil rights movement. He advanced civil rights through nonviolence and civil disobedience, inspired by Gandhi.
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Charles Darwin (1809)
English naturalist best known for his contributions to the science of evolution. His book On the Origin of Species established natural selection as the foundation of evolutionary biology.
William Shakespeare (1564)
English playwright and poet, widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language. His works include Hamlet, Romeo and Juliet, and Macbeth.
Cleopatra VII (69 BC)
Last active ruler of the Ptolemaic Kingdom of Egypt. A diplomat, naval commander, and polyglot who spoke nine languages, she became one of the most famous figures of the ancient world.
Mahatma Gandhi (1869)
Indian lawyer and political ethicist who employed nonviolent resistance to lead the successful campaign for Indian independence from British rule, inspiring civil rights movements worldwide.
Winston Churchill (1874)
British statesman who served as Prime Minister during the Second World War. Known for his leadership and stirring speeches, he rallied the British people during their darkest hours.
Leonardo da Vinci (1452)
Italian polymath of the Renaissance whose interests included painting, sculpture, architecture, science, and engineering. His works include the Mona Lisa and The Last Supper.