Ada Lovelace (1815)
English mathematician and writer, known for her work on the Analytical Engine designed by Charles Babbage. She is often regarded as the first computer programmer for her notes on the machine.
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Nelson Mandela (1918)
South African anti-apartheid leader who served as the first president of South Africa from 1994 to 1999. He spent 27 years in prison before leading the transition from apartheid to democracy.
Albert Einstein (1879)
German-born theoretical physicist who developed the theory of relativity. His work on the photoelectric effect earned him the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921.
Mahatma Gandhi (1869)
Indian lawyer and political ethicist who employed nonviolent resistance to lead the successful campaign for Indian independence from British rule, inspiring civil rights movements worldwide.
Rosa Parks (1913)
American civil rights activist whose refusal to surrender her bus seat to a white passenger in 1955 sparked the Montgomery Bus Boycott, a pivotal event in the civil rights movement.
Winston Churchill (1874)
British statesman who served as Prime Minister during the Second World War. Known for his leadership and stirring speeches, he rallied the British people during their darkest hours.
Leonardo da Vinci (1452)
Italian polymath of the Renaissance whose interests included painting, sculpture, architecture, science, and engineering. His works include the Mona Lisa and The Last Supper.