Nelson Mandela (1918)
South African anti-apartheid leader who served as the first president of South Africa from 1994 to 1999. He spent 27 years in prison before leading the transition from apartheid to democracy.
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Mahatma Gandhi (1869)
Indian lawyer and political ethicist who employed nonviolent resistance to lead the successful campaign for Indian independence from British rule, inspiring civil rights movements worldwide.
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756)
Austrian composer widely regarded as among the greatest musical geniuses of all time. Despite his short life of 35 years, he composed over 600 works that remain cornerstones of classical music.
Frida Kahlo (1907)
Mexican painter known for her portraits, self-portraits, and works inspired by the nature and artifacts of Mexico. Her art blended realism with fantasy and drew on personal experience.
Martin Luther King Jr. (1929)
American Baptist minister and activist who became the most visible leader of the civil rights movement. He advanced civil rights through nonviolence and civil disobedience, inspired by Gandhi.
Charles Darwin (1809)
English naturalist best known for his contributions to the science of evolution. His book On the Origin of Species established natural selection as the foundation of evolutionary biology.
Leonardo da Vinci (1452)
Italian polymath of the Renaissance whose interests included painting, sculpture, architecture, science, and engineering. His works include the Mona Lisa and The Last Supper.