Nelson Mandela (1918)
South African anti-apartheid leader who served as the first president of South Africa from 1994 to 1999. He spent 27 years in prison before leading the transition from apartheid to democracy.
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William Shakespeare (1564)
English playwright and poet, widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language. His works include Hamlet, Romeo and Juliet, and Macbeth.
Queen Victoria (1819)
Queen of the United Kingdom from 1837 until 1901. Her reign of 63 years is known as the Victorian era, a period of industrial, cultural, and political change across Britain and the world.
Martin Luther King Jr. (1929)
American Baptist minister and activist who became the most visible leader of the civil rights movement. He advanced civil rights through nonviolence and civil disobedience, inspired by Gandhi.
Mahatma Gandhi (1869)
Indian lawyer and political ethicist who employed nonviolent resistance to lead the successful campaign for Indian independence from British rule, inspiring civil rights movements worldwide.
Rosa Parks (1913)
American civil rights activist whose refusal to surrender her bus seat to a white passenger in 1955 sparked the Montgomery Bus Boycott, a pivotal event in the civil rights movement.
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756)
Austrian composer widely regarded as among the greatest musical geniuses of all time. Despite his short life of 35 years, he composed over 600 works that remain cornerstones of classical music.